The teachings of the Buddha during his 45 years of teaching, were not recorded in writing from the time of the Buddha until a few centuries after his death, not at that time India did not have a written word, In fact, the Vedas of the Brahmins were recorded in Sanskrit from before the time of the Buddha.10. The great disciples of the Buddha such as Sariputra or Muc Kien Lien, formerly in the San Xa Da sect, belonged to the six non-Buddhist masters, each of them had up to 100 disciples, as well as great disciples like Dai Kassapa, who belonged to the Brahmin line. , there were other princes from the line of Kingslayer Loi such as Ananda, Ananda, Nanda, Ma Ha Nam ... of course, those people were well-versed in the Sanskrit script, but the scriptures were not recorded because According to the Vinaya of many sects, the following event was also recorded: "At that time there were two Brahmin brothers who asked to be ordained to follow the Buddha. They asked him to allow them to recite, read His teachings in the style of reciting the Vedic scriptures that they were used to reading, they also asked to use Sanskrit and arrange the sentences in such a beautiful way as the Sanscrit style in that scripture. In this request, the Buddha taught that in his religion he did not need fancy literature, just clear meaning and strong arguments. That is the main problem to answer the question of why the sutras are not recorded since the time of the Buddha. In the first collection, Mahakashyapa commented: "If we look at it, Learning the Dharma are petty precepts that can be eliminated, but other bhikkhus will say: The four precepts of Prajnaparamita are also petty precepts that can be eliminated. If we say that the four precepts of Prajnaparamita are petty precepts, then other bhikkhus will say: The three precepts are also minor precepts... Now we can't say for sure, which precepts are petty precepts that are arbitrarily discarded, the heathens will say. : "The Dharma of the ascetic Sakyamuni is like a cloud of smoke. When the teacher was alive, the dharmas prescribed by him were strictly followed by his disciples, but after he passed into nirvana, they refused to practice." So, I reaffirmed: "What is not established by the Buddha cannot be arbitrarily established, and what is established by the Buddha must not be violated. We must respectfully study what the Buddha taught." . This opinion was approved by the general assembly, thus showing us that, the Sangha is determined to preserve and practice strictly according to the teachings of the Buddha, the Theravada has continued this tradition, so they are ordered conservative, It is this conservative tradition that over the centuries the canon has remained orally, not written down. Legend has it that after the end of the Summer season in that first collection, Mr. Upa Ly took his collected Law book and scored 1 point, so after each Summer, he scored 1 point, this Law book is called the Law of Thien Kien, Later he transmitted to his disciples Da Da Tat, Da Da Tat transmitted to him Tu Cau and so on, until Mr. Bat Da La brought this original Law to China in the Qi Dynasty, the seventh Vinh Binh year, and translated it. Han Van at Truc Lam Pagoda in Guangzhou, at the end of the summer of that year, he counted the last number of 976 points, because the holy Sangha had entered this book, so it was also called "The Holy Point Sign". The Buddha Calendar is determined according to this sign. Looking back at the history of Buddhism, we know that the second assemblage was about 100 years after the Buddha's death, or in the 5th century BC, this assembly due to the problem of precepts, Buddhism was first divided into Theravada and Mahasanghika groups. In the reign of King Asoka, about 236 years after the Buddha entered Nirvana, ie 250 BC, the king held this gathering to reorganize the Sangha, some theories attributed to the new doctrines of Dai Sky. This assemblage appeared "Theory of things", later it is said that since then Buddhism has enough Tripitaka. The fourth assembly under the reign of Ca Nhi Sac Ca (128-151), about 700 years after the Buddha's parinirvana, about 140 AD, this assembly, the conference composed the "Discourse" (Upadesa) ), to explain the Canon, the "Vibhasa" (Vibhasa) to explain the Vinaya and the "Abhidarma" (Abhidarma) to explain the Abhidhamma. Thus, all four times of practice, All of them show us that there was never a time when there was an organization to record the scriptures. We know that, after the Buddha entered nirvana 236 years, during the reign of King Asoka, he wanted to spread Buddhism, so he sent a missionary group to Ceylon, led by Elder Minhada (a prince, son of King A. Duc) under the guidance, this missionary group transmitted the Sutras and Laws orally in the kingdom of Ceylon in Magadha, to interpret the scriptures they used the language and the Sri Lankan script to record. During the reign of King Fearless King (Vatthagàmani-Abhaya 1st century BC), a king who was a great admirer and ardent defender of Buddhism, built a magnificent and massive temple at Fearless Mountain named Fearless. On one's own. This period in the years 35-32 BC Ceylon Buddhism met monks at Alu temple near the town of Matale, collected the entire Tripitaka, the canon began to be recorded in Pali in the Majita language. Regarding the origin of Pali, researchers believe that it came from somewhere in the vast kingdom of Magadha, and then spread to places as far as Ceylon. Later, in the 5th century, there was Buddha Yin (Buddhaghoso), a Central Indian, who came to Ceylon to study the teachings of the Great Self-Sect (Ceylon Buddhism developed from the Great Vashary, so it is called the Mahayana Buddhism). Dai Tu Sect, after the Sangha in Wuy Tu, disagreed on the precepts, separated from Dai Tu Sect, founded the Fearless Son Tu Sect, belonging to the Dharma happy family, at the beginning of the 3rd century, at Ky Da Lam pagoda, gave rise to a half-sect called the Ky Da Lam Self-sect.), Buddha Yin used Pali to annotate most of the Sutras, Vinayas and Abhidhammas, which were partially unfinished. Later, there was a complete Dharma protector (Dhammapàla). After that, he himself Buddha Am (Buddhaghoso) composed the Visuddhimagga (Visuddhimagga). Thus Ceylon Buddhism uses the Pali scriptures called Theravada Buddhism or Theravada Buddhism. And Mahayana or Northern Buddhism uses the Sanskrit scriptures. We know that the word Sanscrit existed before the time of the Buddha, but Buddhist scriptures were recorded in Sanscrit from unknown time but probably around the period of the fourth canonical collection, Buddhist researchers say that the scriptures are written in Sanskrit as well as Pali, may have been based on the original Majita language, or when the Sanscrit canon is recorded there is a reference to the Pali version, so the content of the Agama of the Northern Tong like the Five Classics (Nikaya) of Theravada. We have an outline of the Theravada scriptures as follows: I. Vinaya: Consists of precepts, rituals and behavior for monks and nuns, divided into 5 sets: 1. Ba La Di 2. Three Title 3. Great Grade 4. Small Grade 5. Compendium II. The Tripitaka: Record the words of the Buddha or the Buddha's disciples taught, divided into 5 sets called the Pentateuch: 1. School Department 2. Central Department 3. Samyutta Nikaya 4. Sangha Department 5. Minor Department The series is not a small or short series of sutras, but it is actually a collection of 15 sets of small books: a- Little Chant b- Phap Chuc c- Buddha Tu Thuy d- Nhu Thi Ngu e- Sutra Tap f- Thien Cung Su g - Hungry Foundations h- Elder Sangha i- Born of birth j- Meaning Thich k- Non-Afraid to explain the Dao l- Example m- Buddha history n- Department of visceral practice III. Abhidhamma, also known as Thang Phap Tang or Abhidhamma The content of the Buddha's teachings is explained, systematized into the philosophical basis ... including 7 volumes: 1. Phap Convergence 2. Distinction 3. About Theory 4. Nhan Thi Thiet 5. Interpretation 6. Song Argument 7. Predestined Theory There are also a number of other important works, also considered as the sacred scriptures of the South, which have been handed down so far as: - History Island - Dai Su - Biography - Mi Lan Da Van Dao (Na Tien Sutra) - Thanh Tinh Dao Luan - Thang Phap Compendium of Bac Tong Classics, the original Sanscrit script today Most of them are no longer available, most of them are Chinese translations of the Indian Holy Sangha or the 675 classics Tran Huyen Trang brought from India to translate into Chinese characters. Divided as follows: I. The Vinaya: 1. The Ten Thousand Laws 2. The Four Divisions of the Law 3. Ma Ha Tang Ky Law 4. The Five Parts of the Law 5. Bhikkhuni Da II. The Canon: 1. School A Ham 2. Middle A Ham 3. Journal A Ham 4. Tang Nhat A Ham III. The Abhidhamma Pitaka: Phat Tri Commentary of Ca Da Dien Ni Tu, considered as the body, with 6 legs is: 1. The collection of Di Mon Tuc Luan (composed by Xa Loi Phat) 2. Phap Uan Tuc Luat. (Traditionally written by Muc Kien Lien) 3. Thi Thiet Tuc Luat by Ca Chien Dien 4. Consciousness of Body by Deba Thiet Ma 5. The Quality of the World's Abhidhamma 6. The World's Body Consciousness Commentary, also by The World's Bodhidharma, is very faithfully expressed with the Buddha's teachings in the sutras. IV. The Khuat Gia Da (Sometimes put together with the Tibetan Canon called the Five A-Ham): 1. Khe Sutra 2. Application 3. She started 4. Predestined relationship 5. History 6. Ban Sanh 7. Monk Huu 8. Example 9. Discourse 10. Self-theory 11. Phuong Quang or Bi Phat Luc 12. Tho Ky The above are the Southern and Northern Buddhist scriptures that are similar, in addition, Northern Buddhism is developed Buddhism, so there are more Other sutras, of unknown name, include: V. Bat Nha Bo: (In this particular set, the original Sancrit is still quite complete) 1. Great Bat Nha Part 2. Great product Bat Nha 3. Small product Bat Nha 3. Nha 4. Van Thu Bat Nha 5. Thang Thien Vuong Bat Nha 6. Ly Thu Bat Nha 7. Diamond Bat Nha 8. Bat Nha Tam Kinh VI. Hoa Nghiem Department: 1. Ten Earth Products 2. Practice Prayer Product ie Fourteen Flowers Adornment 3. Universal Virtue Hanh Prajna VII. Phuong Quang Bo: 1. Phap Hoa Kinh 2. Amitabha Sutra 3. Bi Hoa Kinh 4. Kim Quang Minh Kinh 5. Nguyet Dang Tam Muoi Kinh 6. Compose Bach Duyen Kinh 7. Buddha's Hanh Book of Horror Book 8. Duy Ma Kinh The sutras were composed during the Nagarjuna era, about the third century: 1. The Thang Man Kinh 2. The Great Nirvana Sutra 3. The Deep Secret Sutra 4. The Lang Gia Sutra VIII. Bao Tich Department: 1. National Honorary Family Department of Counseling 2. Dai Ca Diep Hoi. 3. Infinite Life Association ie Infinite Life Sutra IX. The Secret Department: 1. Infinite Life Decision Vuong Da La Ni 2. Praise the Holy Buddha Bodhisattva One Hundred and Eighty Names Sutra 3. Vajra Bodhisattva Surrenders The Order Of The Great Religion King Sutra 4. Incompetent Wins Phan Vuong Tathagata Ornamental Da La Ni Sutra 5. Na Tien (appeared at the end of the 2nd century BC): - Na Tien Bhikkhu Kinh 2. The Huu, at the beginning of the 2nd century, the Gandhàra country, the master of the fourth period of classic collection. - Di Bo Ton Luan - Ton Ba Tu Mat Bodhisattva Department of Collections 3. Ma Minh, he was born in the Ganges River region, about the second half of the second century. - Buddha Chu Hanh Tan Chan - The Great Ornament Sutra - The Ten Unskillful Karma Sutras - The Six Beasts Reincarnation Sutra - The Dharma Teachings Five Ten Chants - Ni Kien Tu's Question of No Self Meaning Sutra - Dai Ton Dia Huyen Text Commentary - The Great Religion Thua Khoi Faith Luan 4. Nagarjuna, he was born around the beginning of the 3rd century, a South Indian, Brahmin lineage. - The Middle Way Argument - The Twelve Discourses - The Great Wisdom Theory - The Ten Pillars of Bhikshus - The Thirteen Eighty-Four Arguments - The Great Vehicle Breaking the Right Argument - The Bodhi Mind Argument - The Bodhi Mind Separation of the General Argument - The Repentance Argument - Means of Mind Discussion - Promoting Phat Phat Vuong Essential Shelf - Praise of Dharma World Chanting - Quang Dai Phat Vow Chanting 5. De Ba is also called Thanh Thien, born at the end of the 3rd century, South Indian. - Bach Luan - Bach Tu Luan - Quang Bach Luan 6. Rahula La Bat Da La (Ràhula-bhadra), a Central Indian born around the end of the 3rd century, he propagated Mahayana teachings in Central India. - (His book annotated Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka Commentary, but has since been lost) 7. Author of Maitreya (recorded by Asanga): - Yoga Sutras - The Ornament of Mahayana Sutras - Ten The Dialogues - The Middle Ages Discrimination 8. Asanga, Born at the end of the 4th century in the country of Gandhàra, North India, of Brahmin lineage. There are two children, The Than and Lan Tri Tu, all three have ordained as Buddha. - Hoa Nghiem Sutra - The Hierarchy of the Holy Teachings - The Mahayana Abhidhamma - The Mahayana Abhidharma Commentary - The Diamond Prajna Paramita Multi-Mind Argument - Thuan Trung Treatise 9. Vasubandhu, born after Asanga about 20 years year at the end of the 4th century, he ordained according to the Huu Bo (Theravada) system, after listening to Asanga's advice, he switched to the Mahasanghikas system. Legend has it that he was the master of a thousand treatises, which have been translated into Chinese: That is thanks to the Pali Text Society, founded by British Doctor TW Rhys Davids (1843-1922) in 1881, headquartered in London. is still active and has translated over 100 Pali canon into English. As for the Northern Tong scriptures, the Sanscrit scriptures have been translated into Chinese by many translators such as Cu Ma La Thap, Huyen Trang ... most of the scriptures mentioned above, so far there have been many collections The collection is as follows: I. Volume 1 (handwritten) was collected from the reign of Emperor Wu and translated into Chinese from the year 67 to 517. II. Volume 2 (handwritten) collected under King Hieu Vo of the Nguyen Wei Dynasty, including the classics up to 533-534. III. Set of 3 (handwritten) was collected until 594, under the reign of Emperor Wen. IV. Set of 4 (handwritten) collected until 602, under Emperor Sui Van, including 2109 sets, into 5058 volumes. V. Set of 5 (handwritten) collected until 616 under the reign of Emperor Wen. BECAUSE. In 644, during the Tang Dynasty, the bibliography of 2,847 volumes was completed, resulting in 8476 translations of the sutras, of which 650 were returned from India by Mr. Huyen Trang. VII. The 6 (handwritten) series was completed in 695, under Vo Hau's reign, including 3616 volumes, making 8641 volumes. VIII. The 7 (handwritten) series was completed in 730, under the reign of Tang Xuan Ton. IX. Set of 8 (printed in wood) was completed in 972, under the reign of Song Thai To. It took 130,000 wooden copies to complete the printing of this Tripitaka. In 995, Chinese Buddhism gave Goryeo (Korea) a request for a Tripitaka of this print. Goryeo Buddhism engraves and reprints into a set of Goryeos. X. Set of 9 (printed) in 1285-1287 under the Blessed One of the Yuan Dynasty. XI. In 1306, the canonical bibliography was completed (composed from the Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty). XII. Set of 10 (printed) 1368-1398, Under the reign of Minh Thai To, this Tripitaka was called the Great Ming Nanjing, because it was printed in Nanjing (Nankin) XIII. Set 11 (printed) in 1403-1424, under Minh Thanh To. This Tripitaka is called the Great Ming Beijing Great Tripitaka, because it was printed in Beijing (Pékin). XIV. Mr. Tantric Dharma Master mixed the two above into one and made a bibliography. XV. Set of 12 (in) in 1735-1737 under King The Ton and Cao Ton of the Qing Dynasty. XVI. The 13th set (printed) in 1911, the Tan Gia Vihara in Shanghai reprinted the Japanese series of Sutras, called the Tan Gia Ban. XVII. Set of 14 (printed) The Business Office reprints the Japanese Traditions and Sutras. XVIII. The 15th set (printed) from 1931-1936, with reprints of the Song of the Tich Sa Pitaka and the Golden Plate of the Great Tripitaka, are the great causes of Chinese Buddhism, known as the Song Tang Di Tran. Later on, there is certainly a time to print more of the Tripitaka, but this article does not have enough material for reference. In addition to the Han Tibetan, the Sanscrit canon is translated by Tibetan directly from the original very well and accurately, called the Tibetan Buddhist scriptures, divided into two parts, a part called Ganjur (Kanjur) and a part called Kanjur. Dan Thu (Tanjur), both including the Sutras, Laws and Commentaries, are divided as follows: I. Cam Thu: 1. Law set 2. Bat Nha set 3. Hoa Nghiem set 4. Bao Tiet set 5. Sutras ( more than 200 sets) 6. Great Nirvana 7. Secret Set II. Dan Thu: Chan Ca Tap (including 58 sets) 1. Secrets of Tantra (more than 2600 sets) 2. Commentary on Thich Tap (very important because there are many likes of the classics, other subjects such as Nhan Minh, Literature, Music, Math...) In Vietnam, before the classics used Chinese characters, in the 30s onwards, Vietnamese characters were transliterated, from the 50s onwards, the scriptures were translated into Vietnamese characters, famous translators such as Doan Trung Con, Thich Thien Hoa, Thich Tri Tinh, Thich Thien Sieu, Thich Minh Chau, Thich Thanh Tu ... I. Law: 1. Law of Sa Di and Sa Di Ni 2. Law of Sa Di. Prize II. Sutra: - Truong A Ham (2 volumes) - Trung A Ham (4 books) - The A Ham Trap (4 books) - Tang Nhat A Ham (3 books) - Truong Bo Kinh (2 books) - Trung Bo Kinh (3 books) ) - Samyutta Nikaya (5 volumes) - The Sangha Sutra (4 volumes) - Mahaparinirvana - Flower Adornment - Dharma Flower - Shurangama Thumbnails - Ma Ha Prajna Paramita Sutra - Treasures - The Friend - Solve Deep Secrets - Kinh Hien Ngu - ... III. Thesis: - The Mahayana Abhidhamma Treatise - The Conscious Mind Only Treatise - The Great Wisdom Treatise - The Mahayana Treatise on Faith - The Mahayana Buddhist Thought Commentary - The Great Wisdom Treatise - The Middle Way Argument - ... The above list is missing Many are left out, but the important sutras have all been translated, The sub-section of 15 volumes in the Pentateuch has also been translated. At the end of 1999, volumes 1, 2, and 3 were printed. The results of the sutra translation showed that although there was no organization before, the work of translating the sutras into Vietnamese was not yet organized. The language is translated quite a lot by monks and lay people. Following the trend of scientific development, the Pali Canon in Ceylon, Thailand has been included in the CD Rom, and the Chinese Tripitaka is also sponsored by a Japanese electronics company and included in the CD Rom. According to Mr. Phat Yin (or Buddha Minh), there are 7 ways of classifying the holy scriptures: 1. Flavor: In the Tang Nhat Bo Sutra, Trung A Ham, and Tang Nhat A Ham, there are recorded the following Buddha's teachings: "Like Sea water has only one taste of saltiness, and the Buddha's teachings and precepts also have only one taste, which is liberation." 2. Dharma and Law: The Buddha's teachings include teachings called Dharma, and the practice rules that practitioners must follow are called Laws. 3. Three parts of Dharma sound: The Buddha's teachings consist of three parts: The beginning, middle, and end are recorded in the sutras: Long, Middle, Samyutta, and Sangha, and in the Vinaya as follows: "The Dharma taught by the Buddha is pure. the beginning, the middle and the end. The Dharma is good in both meaning and words. The whole Dharma sound is uniform, perfect and transparent, fully expressing the pure holy life." 4. The Five Sutras: According to the inscriptions in Sanci and Bharhut, the Five Sutras are only for the entire Buddha's teachings, but according to him, the Five Sutras are the School, the Middle, the Samyutta, and the First Sangha. and the Journal, in the Journal includes the Minor, the Vinaya, and the Abhidharma. 5. Nine Sets: The Southern Dictionary is divided into nine categories: - The Sutras - Chanting or Reciting - Co Khoi - Theory - The Story - The Birth - The Tang Huu - The Vedala - The Veda 6. 84,000 Dharma Aggregates: There are many high monks who believe that the afflictions of sentient beings have 84,000 ways, so the Buddha taught 84,000 methods to deal with them. This is just a convention, because the Buddha preached the Dharma for 45 years, if you only had 16,436 days, wouldn't the Buddha have to teach more than 5 methods every day to deal with afflictions? 7. Tripitaka, which means 3 storages, that is, Sutra, Law and Abhidhamma, Buddha only preached Sutra and Law, and Abhidhamma was systematized by the Saint Sangha into a philosophical basis and it only began to take shape during the period. The third meeting with the work "Theory of Things" written by Mr. De Tu Tu. According to Mr. Tri Khai of Thien Thai Tong in China, he divided the Buddhist scriptures into 5 periods: * The first period: After the Buddha attained enlightenment, he sat under the Bodhi tree and preached the Flower Adornment Sutra to the gods. * Second period: Seeing that his words are not understood by anyone, the Buddha went to the Deer Park, When he preached the Four Noble Truths and the Twelve Dependent Originations to Kieu Tran Nhu's group, the Buddha's teachings during this time were recorded in the A Ham Sutra, so it was called the A Ham period, lasting 12 years. * The third period: The Buddha's teachings were spread among the people, attacked by pagans and other philosophical sects, so the Buddha taught his disciples the explanations and answers recorded in the Vimalakirti Sutras and Dai Volumes. This period lasted for 8 years, called Phuong Dang period. * Fourth period: Due to the attack by the philosophical and non-Buddhist sects with sublime philosophies, the Buddha had to preach about the ultimate principles of the universe, which was the Prajnaparamita Sutra period, which lasted for 22 years. * The fifth period: Buddhism has surpassed contemporary doctrines, at that time the Buddha brought the ideal of Bodhisattva and One Vehicle Buddhism to his disciples, this period was the Dharma Flower period. lasted for 8 years and finally the Buddha preached about Nirvana before passing away. From the 8th century, the Muslim army always invaded India, burned temples, harmed monks and nuns, until 1203, the Muslim army invaded India for the last time, completing the invasion of India and religion. The Buddha perished in the Buddha's hometown, so there were no more saints who composed sutras and treatises to spread Buddhism, not only that, but the Tripitaka, which was recorded in Sanscrit, was mostly gone. Listing the above-mentioned scriptures, to see that the original Theravada and Northern Buddhist scriptures are not much different, only the scriptures composed by the Indian Saint Sangha give Northern Buddhism more scriptures. converge for the benefit of sentient beings, uphold the ideal of the Bodhisattva Way and return to the One Vehicle of Buddhism. There is one important thing, Please repeat the Buddha's teaching in the Diamond Sutra: "Subhuti! Don't think that the Tathagata thinks like this: I have the Dharma. Why is that? If people say: The Tathagata has preached the Dharma, that is defamation. Buddha, because he couldn't understand what I said. Subhuti! To preach the Dharma is to have nothing to teach. Temporarily call it a sermon." And in the Mausoleum Initiation Sutra, the Buddha said: Therefore, it is said that: "From that night I attained full enlightenment, until that night when I entered nirvana, in the middle, did not say a word, did not speak, will speak." . because I can't understand what I'm saying. Subhuti! Theory is that there is no dharma to theorize. Temporarily called Dharma teaching." And in the Lang Gia Initiation Sutra, Buddha said: "From that night I attained full enlightenment, until that night I entered nirvana, in the midst of not saying a word, nor saying a word. not said, will say". because I can't understand what I'm saying. Subhuti! Theory is that there is no dharma to theorize. Temporarily called Dharma teaching." And in the Lang Gia Initiation Sutra, Buddha said: "From that night I attained full enlightenment, until that night I entered nirvana, in the midst of not saying a word, nor saying a word. not said, will say".END=NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=BUDDHIST DHARMA WHEEL GOLDEN MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.5/1/2022.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.